Damage Or Wear And Tear?

When a tenant moves out, landlords often face the question: Is this damage or just normal wear and tear? This is a crucial question and it's a key distinction as it affects whether the landlord can legally withhold part of the security deposit (or last month's rent in Ontario) to cover the repair costs.

Let's break down what counts as "damage" vs. "wear and tear in Ontario, Canada and Michigan, USA, with examples to help both landlords and tenants understand their rights and responsibilities.

Damage refers to destruction, harm, or neglect that goes beyond normal use. This can be accidental or intentional, but in both cases, the tenant can be held responsible.

In both Ontario and Michigan, landlords can recover the cost  of repairs for damage, but must provide proof such as move-in/move-out inspection reports, photos and receipts.

Below are a few examples of what's considered damage:

Ontario:

• Large holes in walls
• Broken windows or doors from rough use
• Pet urine stains or smells that require carpet replacement
• Appliances broken due to misuse (i.e., overloading a washing machine)

Michigan:

• Cigarette burns in flooring or countertops
• Unauthorized painting requiring profession repaint
• Missing fixtures or hardware
• Water damage cause by neglect (i.e., not reporting a leak)

Here are a few legal things to be aware of in Ontario, Canada:

• No security deposit is collected, and landlords may use the last month's rent only for rent, not for damages.
• Tenants cannot be charged for regular maintenance.
• Claims for damages must go through the Landlord and Tenant Board (LTB).
  
  

As for Michigan, USA, here are some legal differences to consider:

• Landlords can collect a security deposit up to 1.5 times the monthly rent
• Landlords must provide an itemized list of damages within 30 days of move-out.
• Tenants have 7 days to respond and dispute the list.
  
  

Understanding the difference wear and tear and damage can save time, money and conflict. It's about being fair and transparent: tenant's shouldn't pay for aging material and landlord's shouldn't be subject to the cost of negligence. Knowing your right and responsibilities ensures a smoother rental transition for all parties involved.